EXPLAINERScience

What science says about bedtime drinks and foods for better sleep

Health experts evaluate the evidence behind popular nighttime beverages such as tart cherry juice, warm milk and chamomile tea.

Sleeping baby. Baby's sleep. Moscow, Russia.
© Vyacheslav Argenberg / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0

For millions of people searching for a restful night, evening beverages have become a popular remedy, from warm traditional concoctions to viral social media recipes. Health professionals and sleep researchers say that while certain drinks contain compounds that may gently encourage rest, their overall effects are often modest and depend heavily on consistent nighttime habits.

The evidence behind tart cherry juice

Tart cherry juice has emerged as one of the most studied beverages for sleep support, according to an analysis distributed by Stacker and reported by News Channel 3-12. Tart cherries, notably varieties like Montmorency, naturally contain small amounts of melatonin alongside antioxidants and polyphenols involved in normal sleep regulation.

Clinical evidence remains limited but intriguing. A small pilot study from Louisiana State University tracked seven older adults suffering from insomnia who drank 8 ounces of Montmorency tart cherry juice twice daily for two weeks, Grazia reported. Those participants slept approximately 84 minutes longer each night than when taking a placebo. Avery Zenker, a registered dietitian, noted to Yahoo Health that a 2025 review found tart cherry juice could reduce nighttime awakenings while boosting total sleep time.

The beverage gained further attention as the foundation for the internet’s “sleepy girl mocktail,” which combines tart cherry juice with sparkling water and powdered magnesium. Magnesium aids muscle relaxation and supports GABA, a neurotransmitter that dampens nervous system activity. However, clinicians urge caution. Dr. Thomas Kilkenny, director of the Institute of Sleep Medicine at Staten Island University Hospital, told Scientific American that consumers should not expect a miracle treatment.

Dietitian Claire Rifkin told Grazia that magnesium glycinate is typically absorbed better than magnesium citrate, which may cause digestive upset. The National Institutes of Health sets 350 milligrams per day as the upper limit for supplemental magnesium for adults, noting higher toxicity risks for individuals with impaired kidney function.

Chamomile, warm milk and evening routines

Other traditional bedtime staples rely on a mix of biochemistry and the soothing nature of routine. Chamomile tea contains apigenin, an antioxidant that binds to brain receptors in ways that may decrease anxiety and initiate sleepiness. A 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials discovered improvements in specific sleep quality markers, particularly nighttime awakenings, according to News Channel 3-12.

Warm milk also retains scientific grounding. Milk provides tryptophan, an amino acid essential for manufacturing serotonin and melatonin. A 2025 review of randomized controlled trials reported that dairy intake was associated with improvements in self-reported sleep quality, Yahoo Health reported. Beyond dairy, warm beverages like spiced golden milk or caffeine-free apple cider can provide psychological comfort, signaling the body to wind down after a long day.

Timing, diet and setting boundaries

Medical experts warn that beverages cannot undo poor sleep hygiene or an unbalanced diet. Dr. Sameer Berry, a gastroenterologist and chief medical officer at Oshi Health, told Yahoo Health that claims surrounding individual “sleep foods” are frequently exaggerated, emphasizing that overall nutritional quality and dinner timing carry more weight.

“Eating within this window significantly increases nighttime waking and increases the time it takes to fall asleep,” Berry said of eating within two to three hours of going to bed. He also highlighted that late meals exacerbate acid reflux and slow gastric emptying, especially for people using GLP-1 medications or managing conditions like gastroparesis.

Experts suggest consuming a bedtime beverage roughly 30 to 60 minutes before lying down, or even earlier if nocturnal bathroom visits disrupt sleep. While researchers continue to evaluate how specific nutrients alter nighttime rest, specialists advise anyone facing persistent, disruptive sleep problems to consult a healthcare provider rather than relying solely on the pantry.